🔑 Key Difference

• “Who” is a subject pronoun, like “he,” “she,” or “they.” It’s used when referring to the subject of a sentence.
• “Whom” is an object pronoun, like “him,” “her,” or “them.” It’s used when referring to the object of a sentence.

How to decide?

Use “who” when the person is doing the action (the subject).
Use “whom” when the person is receiving the action (the object).

📝 Structured Breakdown

1. “Who” – The Subject Pronoun

• When to Use:
  Use “who” when you’re talking about someone doing an action.
• Examples:
  • “Who is coming to the party?”
    (The person is doing the action of coming.)
  • “Who wrote this book?”
    (The person is performing the action of writing.)

2. “Whom” – The Object Pronoun

• When to Use:
  Use “whom” when someone is receiving the action of the verb or is the object of a preposition.
• Examples:
  • “Whom did you invite to the party?”
    (The person is receiving the action of being invited.)
  • “To whom should I address this letter?”
    (The person is the object of the preposition “to.”)

🎭 Analogy

Think of “who” as the main actor on stage 🌟—they take action.
Think of “whom” as the audience 🎭—they are receiving or affected by the action.

🔍 Quick Test: Replace with “he/she” or “him/her”

If you’re unsure whether to use “who” or “whom,” try this trick:

• Replace “who/whom” with “he” or “she” (subject) and “him” or “her” (object).
• If “he/she” fits, use “who.”
• If “him/her” fits, use “whom.”

Example:

• “_____ did you see at the park?”
  Replace with “Did you see him?”
  (Since “him” fits, use “whom.”)
  Correct: “Whom did you see at the park?”
• “_____ is calling me?”
  Replace with “He is calling me.”
  (Since “he” fits, use “who.”)
  Correct: “Who is calling me?”

📝 Practice Time

Fill in the blanks with “who” or “whom”:

1. ______ is responsible for this amazing project?
2. To ______ should I send the invitation?
3. ______ called me yesterday?
4. I don’t know ______ they were talking about.

✅ Answers:

1. Who is responsible for this amazing project?
2. To whom should I send the invitation?
3. Who called me yesterday?
4. I don’t know whom they were talking about.