🔑 Key Difference

• “Who” refers to people.
• “That” refers to things or can sometimes refer to people in certain contexts.

📚 Structured Breakdown

1. “Who” – For People

• Use “who” when referring to people or a group of people. It acts as a subject or object in a relative clause.
• Examples:
  • “The teacher who helped me is amazing.”
    (The teacher is a person.)
  • “She is someone who inspires everyone.”
    (Referring to a person.)

📝 Key Note: Always use “who” for individuals when focusing on personal identity.

2. “That” – For Things

• Use “that” when referring to objects, animals (sometimes), or groups viewed as a unit.
• Examples:
  • “This is the book that I read last week.”
    (The book is an object.)
  • “The dog that barked all night belongs to my neighbor.”
    (The dog is an animal.)

3. “That” – For People (Occasionally)

• In less formal contexts, “that” can be used to refer to people, especially when the focus is on their role or category rather than their individuality.
• Examples:
  • “The artist that painted this mural is very talented.”
    (The focus is on the role of the artist, not their personal identity.)
  • “The team that won the championship was thrilled.”
    (The team is treated as a single entity.)

🎭 Analogy

Think of “who” as a name tag 🎟️ that says, “I’m a person!” and “that” as a label 📦 for objects or roles.

🛑 Common Mistakes and Tips

1. Using “who” for objects:
   ❌ Incorrect: “The car who is parked outside is mine.”
   ✅ Correct: “The car that is parked outside is mine.”
2. Using “that” when referring to specific people in formal contexts:
   ❌ Incorrect: “The president that visited the city gave a speech.”
   ✅ Correct: “The president who visited the city gave a speech.”

📝 Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with “who” or “that”:

1. The girl _____ won the race is my friend.
2. I love the movie _____ you recommended.
3. The musician _____ plays the violin is talented.
4. This is the dish _____ I told you about.

✅ Answers:

1. The girl who won the race is my friend.
2. I love the movie that you recommended.
3. The musician who plays the violin is talented.
4. This is the dish that I told you about.